Global Penning Gauge Supply, Demand and Key Producers, 2023-2029

Description

The global Penning Gauge market size is expected to reach $ million by 2029, rising at a market growth of % CAGR during the forecast period (2023-2029).

Penning gauge is a cold-cathode ionization gauge. In the Penning (vacuum) gauge, an annular electrode (anode) is placed between a pair of parallel plate electrodes (cathode), and a magnetic field is applied parallel to their axes to lengthen the traveling distance of electrons. As a result, constant discharge occurs even at a low pressure, thus the Penning gauge can measure the pressure of the middle to high vacuum region or 1 to 10-4Pa. The produced current is proportional to the pressure of the vacuum. For a TEM, the gauge is used for switching of the evacuation system from the diffusion pumping (DP) to the sputter ion pumping (SIP) because the gauge is robust and easy to use.

This report studies the global Penning Gauge production, demand, key manufacturers, and key regions.

This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the world market for Penning Gauge, and provides market size (US$ million) and Year-over-Year (YoY) Growth, considering 2022 as the base year. This report explores demand trends and competition, as well as details the characteristics of Penning Gauge that contribute to its increasing demand across many markets.

Highlights and key features of the study
Global Penning Gauge total production and demand, 2018-2029, (Units)
Global Penning Gauge total production value, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
Global Penning Gauge production by region & country, production, value, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million) & (Units)
Global Penning Gauge consumption by region & country, CAGR, 2018-2029 & (Units)
U.S. VS China: Penning Gauge domestic production, consumption, key domestic manufacturers and share
Global Penning Gauge production by manufacturer, production, price, value and market share 2018-2023, (USD Million) & (Units)
Global Penning Gauge production by Type, production, value, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million) & (Units)
Global Penning Gauge production by Application production, value, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million) & (Units)
This reports profiles key players in the global Penning Gauge market based on the following parameters – company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Inficon, Edwards, ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP, JEOL Ltd., ReBorn and Infitech, etc.

This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.

Stakeholders would have ease in decision-making through various strategy matrices used in analyzing the World Penning Gauge market
Detailed Segmentation:
Each section contains quantitative market data including market by value (US$ Millions), volume (production, consumption) & (Units) and average price (US$/Unit) by manufacturer, by Type, and by Application. Data is given for the years 2018-2029 by year with 2022 as the base year, 2023 as the estimate year, and 2024-2029 as the forecast year.

Global Penning Gauge Market, By Region:
    United States
    China
    Europe
    Japan
    South Korea
    ASEAN
    India
    Rest of World

Global Penning Gauge Market, Segmentation by Type
    Ordinary Penning Gauge
    Magnetron Penning Gauge

Global Penning Gauge Market, Segmentation by Application
    Laboratory
    Industrial
    Others

Companies Profiled:
    Inficon
    Edwards
    ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP
    JEOL Ltd.
    ReBorn
    Infitech

Key Questions Answered
1. How big is the global Penning Gauge market?
2. What is the demand of the global Penning Gauge market?
3. What is the year over year growth of the global Penning Gauge market?
4. What is the production and production value of the global Penning Gauge market?
5. Who are the key producers in the global Penning Gauge market?
6. What are the growth factors driving the market demand?

Table of Contents

1 Supply Summary
    1.1 Penning Gauge Introduction
    1.2 World Penning Gauge Supply & Forecast
        1.2.1 World Penning Gauge Production Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
        1.2.2 World Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029)
        1.2.3 World Penning Gauge Pricing Trends (2018-2029)
    1.3 World Penning Gauge Production by Region (Based on Production Site)
        1.3.1 World Penning Gauge Production Value by Region (2018-2029)
        1.3.2 World Penning Gauge Production by Region (2018-2029)
        1.3.3 World Penning Gauge Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
        1.3.4 North America Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029)
        1.3.5 Europe Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029)
        1.3.6 China Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029)
        1.3.7 Japan Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029)
    1.4 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
        1.4.1 Penning Gauge Market Drivers
        1.4.2 Factors Affecting Demand
        1.4.3 Penning Gauge Major Market Trends
    1.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
        1.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
        1.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War

2 Demand Summary
    2.1 World Penning Gauge Demand (2018-2029)
    2.2 World Penning Gauge Consumption by Region
        2.2.1 World Penning Gauge Consumption by Region (2018-2023)
        2.2.2 World Penning Gauge Consumption Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
    2.3 United States Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.4 China Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.5 Europe Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.6 Japan Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.7 South Korea Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.8 ASEAN Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)
    2.9 India Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029)

3 World Penning Gauge Manufacturers Competitive Analysis
    3.1 World Penning Gauge Production Value by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
    3.2 World Penning Gauge Production by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
    3.3 World Penning Gauge Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
    3.4 Penning Gauge Company Evaluation Quadrant
    3.5 Industry Rank and Concentration Rate (CR)
        3.5.1 Global Penning Gauge Industry Rank of Major Manufacturers
        3.5.2 Global Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Penning Gauge in 2022
        3.5.3 Global Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Penning Gauge in 2022
    3.6 Penning Gauge Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
        3.6.1 Penning Gauge Market: Region Footprint
        3.6.2 Penning Gauge Market: Company Product Type Footprint
        3.6.3 Penning Gauge Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    3.7 Competitive Environment
        3.7.1 Historical Structure of the Industry
        3.7.2 Barriers of Market Entry
        3.7.3 Factors of Competition
    3.8 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
    3.9 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations

4 United States VS China VS Rest of the World
    4.1 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Value Comparison
        4.1.1 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Value Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
        4.1.2 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    4.2 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Comparison
        4.2.1 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
        4.2.2 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    4.3 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Consumption Comparison
        4.3.1 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Consumption Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
        4.3.2 United States VS China: Penning Gauge Consumption Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    4.4 United States Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers and Market Share, 2018-2023
        4.4.1 United States Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (States, Country)
        4.4.2 United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value (2018-2023)
        4.4.3 United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023)
    4.5 China Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers and Market Share
        4.5.1 China Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (Province, Country)
        4.5.2 China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value (2018-2023)
        4.5.3 China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023)
    4.6 Rest of World Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers and Market Share, 2018-2023
        4.6.1 Rest of World Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (State, Country)
        4.6.2 Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value (2018-2023)
        4.6.3 Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023)

5 Market Analysis by Type
    5.1 World Penning Gauge Market Size Overview by Type: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
    5.2 Segment Introduction by Type
        5.2.1 Ordinary Penning Gauge
        5.2.2 Magnetron Penning Gauge
    5.3 Market Segment by Type
        5.3.1 World Penning Gauge Production by Type (2018-2029)
        5.3.2 World Penning Gauge Production Value by Type (2018-2029)
        5.3.3 World Penning Gauge Average Price by Type (2018-2029)

6 Market Analysis by Application
    6.1 World Penning Gauge Market Size Overview by Application: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
    6.2 Segment Introduction by Application
        6.2.1 Laboratory
        6.2.2 Industrial
        6.2.3 Others
    6.3 Market Segment by Application
        6.3.1 World Penning Gauge Production by Application (2018-2029)
        6.3.2 World Penning Gauge Production Value by Application (2018-2029)
        6.3.3 World Penning Gauge Average Price by Application (2018-2029)

7 Company Profiles
    7.1 Inficon
        7.1.1 Inficon Details
        7.1.2 Inficon Major Business
        7.1.3 Inficon Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.1.4 Inficon Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.1.5 Inficon Recent Developments/Updates
        7.1.6 Inficon Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.2 Edwards
        7.2.1 Edwards Details
        7.2.2 Edwards Major Business
        7.2.3 Edwards Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.2.4 Edwards Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.2.5 Edwards Recent Developments/Updates
        7.2.6 Edwards Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.3 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP
        7.3.1 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Details
        7.3.2 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Major Business
        7.3.3 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.3.4 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.3.5 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Recent Developments/Updates
        7.3.6 ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.4 JEOL Ltd.
        7.4.1 JEOL Ltd. Details
        7.4.2 JEOL Ltd. Major Business
        7.4.3 JEOL Ltd. Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.4.4 JEOL Ltd. Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.4.5 JEOL Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
        7.4.6 JEOL Ltd. Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.5 ReBorn
        7.5.1 ReBorn Details
        7.5.2 ReBorn Major Business
        7.5.3 ReBorn Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.5.4 ReBorn Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.5.5 ReBorn Recent Developments/Updates
        7.5.6 ReBorn Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.6 Infitech
        7.6.1 Infitech Details
        7.6.2 Infitech Major Business
        7.6.3 Infitech Penning Gauge Product and Services
        7.6.4 Infitech Penning Gauge Production, Price, Value, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
        7.6.5 Infitech Recent Developments/Updates
        7.6.6 Infitech Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses

8 Industry Chain Analysis
    8.1 Penning Gauge Industry Chain
    8.2 Penning Gauge Upstream Analysis
        8.2.1 Penning Gauge Core Raw Materials
        8.2.2 Main Manufacturers of Penning Gauge Core Raw Materials
    8.3 Midstream Analysis
    8.4 Downstream Analysis
    8.5 Penning Gauge Production Mode
    8.6 Penning Gauge Procurement Model
    8.7 Penning Gauge Industry Sales Model and Sales Channels
        8.7.1 Penning Gauge Sales Model
        8.7.2 Penning Gauge Typical Customers

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix
    10.1 Methodology
    10.2 Research Process and Data Source
    10.3 Disclaimer

Table of Figures

List of Tables
    Table 1. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Region (2018, 2022 and 2029) & (USD Million)
    Table 2. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 3. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
    Table 4. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
    Table 5. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Region (2024-2029)
    Table 6. World Penning Gauge Production by Region (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 7. World Penning Gauge Production by Region (2024-2029) & (Units)
    Table 8. World Penning Gauge Production Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
    Table 9. World Penning Gauge Production Market Share by Region (2024-2029)
    Table 10. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Region (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 11. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Region (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 12. Penning Gauge Major Market Trends
    Table 13. World Penning Gauge Consumption Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (Units)
    Table 14. World Penning Gauge Consumption by Region (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 15. World Penning Gauge Consumption Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & (Units)
    Table 16. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 17. Production Value Market Share of Key Penning Gauge Producers in 2022
    Table 18. World Penning Gauge Production by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 19. Production Market Share of Key Penning Gauge Producers in 2022
    Table 20. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 21. Global Penning Gauge Company Evaluation Quadrant
    Table 22. World Penning Gauge Industry Rank of Major Manufacturers, Based on Production Value in 2022
    Table 23. Head Office and Penning Gauge Production Site of Key Manufacturer
    Table 24. Penning Gauge Market: Company Product Type Footprint
    Table 25. Penning Gauge Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    Table 26. Penning Gauge Competitive Factors
    Table 27. Penning Gauge New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
    Table 28. Penning Gauge Mergers & Acquisitions Activity
    Table 29. United States VS China Penning Gauge Production Value Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
    Table 30. United States VS China Penning Gauge Production Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (Units)
    Table 31. United States VS China Penning Gauge Consumption Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (Units)
    Table 32. United States Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (States, Country)
    Table 33. United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 34. United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 35. United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 36. United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 37. China Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (Province, Country)
    Table 38. China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 39. China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 40. China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 41. China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 42. Rest of World Based Penning Gauge Manufacturers, Headquarters and Production Site (States, Country)
    Table 43. Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 44. Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 45. Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 46. Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 47. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
    Table 48. World Penning Gauge Production by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 49. World Penning Gauge Production by Type (2024-2029) & (Units)
    Table 50. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 51. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
    Table 52. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Type (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 53. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Type (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 54. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
    Table 55. World Penning Gauge Production by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
    Table 56. World Penning Gauge Production by Application (2024-2029) & (Units)
    Table 57. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
    Table 58. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
    Table 59. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Application (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 60. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Application (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Table 61. Inficon Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 62. Inficon Major Business
    Table 63. Inficon Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 64. Inficon Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 65. Inficon Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 66. Inficon Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 67. Edwards Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 68. Edwards Major Business
    Table 69. Edwards Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 70. Edwards Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 71. Edwards Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 72. Edwards Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 73. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 74. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Major Business
    Table 75. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 76. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 77. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 78. ALFA TECHNOVAC LLP Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 79. JEOL Ltd. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 80. JEOL Ltd. Major Business
    Table 81. JEOL Ltd. Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 82. JEOL Ltd. Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 83. JEOL Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 84. JEOL Ltd. Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 85. ReBorn Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 86. ReBorn Major Business
    Table 87. ReBorn Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 88. ReBorn Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 89. ReBorn Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 90. Infitech Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 91. Infitech Major Business
    Table 92. Infitech Penning Gauge Product and Services
    Table 93. Infitech Penning Gauge Production (Units), Price (US$/Unit), Production Value (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 94. Global Key Players of Penning Gauge Upstream (Raw Materials)
    Table 95. Penning Gauge Typical Customers
    Table 96. Penning Gauge Typical Distributors
List of Figure
    Figure 1. Penning Gauge Picture
    Figure 2. World Penning Gauge Production Value: 2018 & 2022 & 2029, (USD Million)
    Figure 3. World Penning Gauge Production Value and Forecast (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
    Figure 4. World Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 5. World Penning Gauge Average Price (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Figure 6. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
    Figure 7. World Penning Gauge Production Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
    Figure 8. North America Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 9. Europe Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 10. China Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 11. Japan Penning Gauge Production (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 12. Penning Gauge Market Drivers
    Figure 13. Factors Affecting Demand
    Figure 14. World Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 15. World Penning Gauge Consumption Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
    Figure 16. United States Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 17. China Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 18. Europe Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 19. Japan Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 20. South Korea Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 21. ASEAN Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 22. India Penning Gauge Consumption (2018-2029) & (Units)
    Figure 23. Producer Shipments of Penning Gauge by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
    Figure 24. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Penning Gauge Markets in 2022
    Figure 25. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Penning Gauge Markets in 2022
    Figure 26. United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    Figure 27. United States VS China: Penning Gauge Production Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    Figure 28. United States VS China: Penning Gauge Consumption Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
    Figure 29. United States Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share 2022
    Figure 30. China Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share 2022
    Figure 31. Rest of World Based Manufacturers Penning Gauge Production Market Share 2022
    Figure 32. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
    Figure 33. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Type in 2022
    Figure 34. Ordinary Penning Gauge
    Figure 35. Magnetron Penning Gauge
    Figure 36. World Penning Gauge Production Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
    Figure 37. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
    Figure 38. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Type (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Figure 39. World Penning Gauge Production Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
    Figure 40. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Application in 2022
    Figure 41. Laboratory
    Figure 42. Industrial
    Figure 43. Others
    Figure 44. World Penning Gauge Production Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
    Figure 45. World Penning Gauge Production Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
    Figure 46. World Penning Gauge Average Price by Application (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
    Figure 47. Penning Gauge Industry Chain
    Figure 48. Penning Gauge Procurement Model
    Figure 49. Penning Gauge Sales Model
    Figure 50. Penning Gauge Sales Channels, Direct Sales, and Distribution
    Figure 51. Methodology
    Figure 52. Research Process and Data Source